Certified seed will produce 15 20% higher yields than standard seed. The sweet potato crop is an herbaceous perennial vine which bears alternate heart shaped leaves and medium sized sympetalous flowers. The rc ratio indicated that sweet potato farm was still feasible and profitable to be cultivate. Potato is one of the most important commercial crops that is cultivated widely because of its great demand in the market, throughout the whole year. Lamk seemed to have originated in tropical america, but, the exact location is not known.
Sweet potato cultivation guide micronesia land grant. Sweet potato weevil cylas formicarius among the 300 insect and mite species that feed on sweet potato in the tropics and subtropics, only sweet potato weevil cylas formicarius is the most destructive insect pest figure 1. Sweet potato is a nutritious root crop that contains signifi cant amounts of fiber, beta carotene. More consumer familiarity with fresh sweet potatoes and increases in sweet potato fry consumption contribute to the increase. Onion cultivation income, project report, yield, profits. How to grow sweet potato successfully its super easy. However, deep, welldrained and friable soils having good organic matter are ideal for its cultivation. Nutritional and medicinal qualities of sweetpotato tops. Sandy soils with little clay or little organic matter with proper irrigation and fertilizer supply would result in high yield and good quality tubers. Remember, poorquality seed roots will not produce the quality slips needed for the establishment and production of highyielding sweet potato crops.
Description of sweet potato sweet potato, chaco, camote, apichu, kumara, potato or yam ipomoea batatas is a perennial family of convolvulaceae family, usually grown as an annual. The sweet potato ipomoea batatas is a root crop, probably first domesticated somewhere between the orinoco river in venezuela north to the yucatan peninsula of mexico. In the us, orangefleshed sweet potatoes are sometimes called yams, but this name is more properly applied to the true yam, various species in the genus dioscorea although wild forms of sweet potato are not known to exist today, central america and peru are. Comparison of the nutrient composition of four sweet. A crop of sweet potatoes utilizes about 110 pounds of nitrogen, 15 pounds of phosphorus, and 150 pounds of potassium per acre from the soil.
Sweet potato production osu fact sheets oklahoma state. Generally, sweet potato crop is grown for its sweet root tubers and mainly used as food after steaming, or boiling, frying or baking. Sweet potato production guide for the top end department of. You might consider adding sweet potatoes to the crops you plan on growing in your garden. Smallscale technology and practices for sweet potato growing in southeast oklahoma 7 drip irrigation drip irrigation, using ttape, is far more waterconserving than sprinklers. The common english name for this crop is spelled sweet potato or sweetpotato. The plant has enlarged roots called tubers which act as an energy store for the plant. Drip irrigation also aids weed control during dry periods by encouraging rapid crop growth and not watering weeds in the interrow area. Theres no need to prune growing sweet potatoes unless you are struggling with mold. Nov 09, 2016 sweet potato is harvested in the month of november. High quality tubers are best produced on fertile, well drained, sandy loams. Great in recipes, from pies, fries, or chips, that call for orange sweet potatoes. They are surprisingly easy to grow and just a few plants can produce a generous harvest. Slowly acclimate the new plant to the outdoors before transplanting it into a container or hanging basket.
Both types thrive in the hot summer sun and are relatively easy to grow. Sweet potato weevil sweet potato weevil damage fig 1. Sweet potato is cultivated as starchy food crop in the tropical and subtropical frost free climatic regions. Field or site selection soil characteristics one of the most important steps in sweet potato production is selecting the right soil based on the following characteristics. Stokes purple sweet potato this variety has gorgeous, rich purple skin and flesh that maintains its color even when cooked. Choose a location that is well drained and, if possible, protected from north winds. Nutrition value of the sweet potato ipomoea batatas l. Sweet potatoes are considered a long season crop and georgias long, hot summers allow them to grow and mature well here. Potato farming techniques and cultivation process and. The actual per capita consumption varies between 90 100kg and 100 300kg in uganda and rwanda respectively ewell, p.
Stems creeping and gnarled, with adventitious roots. The sweetpotato is native to peru and central america and some south pacific islands. Sweet potatoes gained some popularity as a lowercarb potato in the early 2000s. Climatic conditions sweet potato requires both warm days and warm nights for a quality and quantity yield. Most soils will grow potatoes, but they prefer moist, acidic soil ph slightly less than 6. The color is pure pleasure for children and adults when seen on plates. Sweet potato cultivation sweet potato ipomea batatus is cultivated for its sweet root tubers. Know your vegetables provides all you need to know about growing and cooking vegetables. Sweet potato is particularlyattractive as a crop because of its adaptability to differentgrowing conditionsand low susceptibilityto natural disasters like hurricanes which plague the region. Use of tubers is the best method for potato production.
The hybrids developed by central potato research institute viz. The sweet potato became a favorite food item of the french and spanish settlers and thus continued a long history of cultivation in louisiana. Vitamin a a medium sweet potato has over four times the recommended daily amount of vitamin a which plays a vital role in vision, bone development and immune function. Recent genetic research suggests that ipomoea trifida, native to colombia, venezuela, and costa rica, is the closest living relative of i. Sweet potatoes are tolerant of variations in soil ph between 5. Foreword 5 abbreviations and acronym 6 acknowledgements 7 introduction 9 section 1 factors constraining the potato subsector 11 technical factors socioeconomic factors 15 policy and institutional factors 17 section 2 good agricultural practices and potato production 19 gap concepts and principles 21 gaps in the potato subsector 23 production decision factors 25 section 3 key indicators. Broadcast or band half of the required nitrogen n before planting and then sidedress the remainder when the vines begin to run. Potato farming process, profit and cultivation cultivation about potato crop. The pit for the bed may be dug 6 inches deep and as long as desired. It represents the first interpartner effort, post2008, aimed at producing technical guidelines that can be used by decision makers in developing countries to improve the sustainability of potato production and boost the potato subsectors contribution to social and economic development.
Home garden sweet potatoes uga cooperative extension. Heres how to plant, grow, and harvest delicious sweet potatoes in your garden. They grew into stronger plants earlier, had higher yields, and seemed to sustain significantly less gopher damage. So we decided to give it a try with sweet potatoes. Age of cultivars varieties cutting means months gem miguela chipper bonara for ages tuber weight per plant kg 2 1. Specifically, the chapter describes the role of the sweet potato in human diets. It is mainly used for culinary purposes after boiling, steaming, baking or frying and also as animal feed. Moist tropical environment of the islands with favorable abundant rain is suitable for cultivation throughout the year. Apply about 25 tonnes of farmyard manure per hectare land to. Today, we learn the topic of cultivation income of sweet potato in india along with sweet potato cultivation cost, sweet potato production economics and sweet potato project report for 1acre plantation.
Beginning with potato nutrition facts and ending with a monthly calendar of ideas for news features, newsletters and blog posts, these pages are brimming with historical potato facts, techniques for cooking the potato in todays. It is also not tolerant to water logging which can cause tuber rot. Jul 25, 2019 a step by step guide for sweet potato cultivation income, project report. Lam is the sixth most important food crop in the world, and new uses for this crop have been identified. Data and methodology methodology for this study, farm level data were collected on 120 sweet potato farmers in kano state, nigeria. Heres a really simple way to grow sweet potato slips. Pdf on aug 2, 2014, lynn brandenberger and others published sweet potato production find, read and cite all the research you need on. The percentage of area under maize cultivation exceeded 70% at sites b and c, and was more than 45% at site a, which also had a large amount of cotton production 44%. Sweet potato cultivation in the eastern and central pacific predates european contact by several hundred years, possibly occurring as early as ce. Sweet potato technical manual cardi caribbean agricultural. Please select one customer favorites product name a z product name z a top rated.
Timely application of proper manures and fertilizers ins suitable doses ensure healthy production of tubers in sweet potato farming. Economic aspects and utilization in pig production that both sweet potato and maize producers are facing great challenges in china. Tuberous roots of different shapes and colors depending on the variety grown. I used whole seed potato, potato sets small chunks of potato, often coated with fungicide, and spud buds, a park seed innovation using tiny seed tubers. These vary greatly in size and need a long, warm growing season. Warming for two to four weeks at temperatures from 75 degrees f to 85 degrees f, with a relative humidity of 90 percent and adequate ventilation, is optimal. Potential use of byproducts from cultivation and processing.
Nutritional and medicinal qualities of sweetpotato tops and leaves shahidul islam professor plant science sweetpotato ipomoea batatas l. Typically, sweet potatoes are grown from purchased slips, but its possible to root a storebought sweet potato, as well. This publication contains concise information about growing sweet potatoes in the home garden. The oldest sweet potato discovered to date was in the tres ventanas cave in the chilca canyon region of peru, ca. Young roots need care as though the sweet potato vine was a seedling. This species has moist and delicate tubers with a sweetish taste, pleasant and aromatic smell.
Sweet potatoes arent finicky about the texture of the ground they grow in, but if your soil is full of rocks and clumps, you may end up with oddly shaped potatoes at the end of the season. Topic of discussion production technology of sweet potato 2. Table 1 caribbean sweet potato production tonnes for 2006 7 table 2 estimated nutrients removed by the sweet potato crop 23 table 3 nutrient profile of sweet potato vs irish potato 38 table 4 varietal suitability for valueadded products 40 table 5 an example of the information required to calculate the cost. Sweet potatoes are grown more often in southern regions because they require at least four months of warm temperatures, though there are varieties that will grow in northern gardens, too. The vegetable grower has available all the information to successfully grow all vegetable crops, including site, soil, preparation seed sowing, care. Beginning with potato nutrition facts and ending with a monthly calendar of ideas for news features, newsletters and blog posts, these pages are brimming with historical potato. The local names for sweet potato are shakarkand, chilakada dumpa, sarkaraivalli kizhanku, genasu, ratala, kandamula, mathura kizhangu, shakkaria, shakkar, rang aloo and. The sweet potato is an important crop and basically grown for its starchy tuberous roots in tropical and suntropical regions. Moistfleshed cultivars of sweet potato are often called yams in stores, but sweet potatoes are not yams they belong to the morning glory family convolvulaceae. Based on my experience, i strongly recommend using whole seed potato.
Potential use of byproducts from cultivation and processing of sweet potatoes. Planting periods in zimbabwe summer rain fed november first winterfeb april. Mar 16, 2012 sweet potatoes can be grilled, baked, cooked or microwaved whole and make a healthy substitute for white potatoes. Sweet potato cultivation guide 7 figure 1 kosrae agricultural experiment station sweet potato cultivation 1. Scientific classification origin varieties climate soil, planting time, seed rate, spacing,manures and fertilizer, irrigation, diseases and harvesting, yield. Recent studies have shown that these mild tasting leaves contain five times more vitamin c, three times more vitamin b6 and nearly 10 times. The sweet potato plant is a branching, creeeping vine with spirally arranged lobed, heart shaped leaves and white or lavender flowers. Potato can be grown from true potato seed tps, plantlets or tubers. New sweet potato variety with high yields mercy kahenda 11th apr 2015 00. Sweet potato originated from tropical central america. This handbook is a compilation of allthingspotato as it relates to nutrition research and more. The role of the sweet potato in the crop diversification of smallscale farmers 123 crops at site b table 1.
Application of manures and fertilizers in sweet potato cultivation. This movement of sweet potato from the americas to the pacific islands has been the subject of much discussion. The exact presprouting conditions used will depend on varietal characteristics, individual operations, preferences and experiences. It has also a high nutritional value about 50% higher than the potato. Recipe collection nutrition facts 2 cups squash soup sweet potatoes are started from plants called slips. The seeds are raised in nursery beds like other vegetables and seedlings are transplanted 30 days after sowing. For example, potato yields in the developing world average around 10 to 15 tonnes per hectare, less than half of average yields achieved by farmers in western europe and north america. Candied sweet potato is a popular fall side dish made of sweet potatoes, brown sugar, orange juice, marshmallows and maple syrup. Sweet potato is a crop that is very well suited to local growing conditions, especially during our prolonged dry season.
Sweet potato plants are so easy to grow, especially if mulched with black or red plastic to quickly raise the soil temperature. So, try to apply all the essential recommended dosed timely to increase the yield. Stem cutting and propagation for sweet potato vines home. Sustainable potato production food and agriculture. Because of plentiful benefits of potatoes, there is great demand for potato products in both local and international market. Kembl0 and ksp20 produce the best vines, especially where farmers look after the crop well. Nutritional and medicinal qualities of sweetpotato tops and. Sweet potato casserole is a side dish of mashed sweet potatoes in a casserole dish, topped with a brown sugar and pecan topping. Factors that effect the production of sweet potato were seeds, organic fertilizer, labor in the. For our standard potato crop, it has worked beautifully, we can usually harvest 25 to 40 pounds of regular potatoes per crate, from about 5 pounds of seed potatoes. If needed, thin out about 20% of the leaves to improve air circulation.
At one time potatoes were restricted to cooler climates, but new varieties have come out that will grow in almost any part of the world. Smallscale technology and practices for sweet potato growing. After extraction, the solvents were removed by rotoevaporation and the residue saponified with variable concentrations of potassium. Sweet potatoes can also be made into a casserole and baked with a brown sugar and pecan toping. Place 5 or 6 inches of sand in the bottom of the pit.
Martins effect of age of planting material onyields of sweet potato from cuttings, tropical root and tuber crops newsletter 15. Sweet potato plants are often produced in open beds. Most of the popular varieties are the moistfleshed types. Potato farming, planting, care, harvesting a full guide. The present guide builds on experience gained through partnerships forged during iyp implementation to address critical aspects of sustainable potato production.
The growing market potentialfor the crop, as it is now recognised as a health food with signifi cant antioxidantand antimicrobialproperties. Weed regularly to eradicate invasive plants that may compete with your sweet potatoes for nutrients and sunlight, and that can bring diseases. Sweet potato farming information guide agri farming. Policy distortions have penalized sweet potato and protected maize production. Georgia is the perfect place to grow sweet potatoes ipomea atatas. In asian cuisine, sweet potato leaves are a staple in a host of dishes. Everything you ever wanted to know about sweetpotato. Usually, potatoes are more tolerant to low soil ph. In africa, uganda is the leading producer of sweet potato followed by rwanda and burundi.
Try them baked, mashed or in a quick and easy puree. Crops grown in heavy clay loams produce irregular shaped tubers. However, the optimum soil ph for high yields of quality sweet potatoes is 5. If you are unsure about weevils in your area, contact your county extension agent or the state department of agriculture. Vitamin a is a fatsoluble vitamin, so be sure to eat your sweet potato with a little bit of fat, like a pat of butter or a drizzle of olive oil, to maximize vitamin absorption. Today, sweet potato is grown in most parts of the tropical world and even in the warmer temperate regions. Sweet potato diseases and pests, description, uses. The dryfleshed types have a mealier texture when cooked and arent as widely grown. Sweet potato traditional pacific island crops research. Srinivas and nedunchezhiyan ducted by cirad 2007 on sweet potato in china.
The crop is sensitive to drought at tuber initiation stage 5060 days after planting. Sweet potato cultivation information guide asia farming. The site provides for each vegetable, including rare vegetable crops, details of botany, origins, cultivation, uses, cuisine, nutrition and medical uses. The most common type of sweet potato found in us markets is the moist.
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